Publications & Downloads

Lückmann et al. (2017) Fenoxycarb, a suitable reference item in semi-field testing on the solitary bee Osmia bicornis (L., 1758) (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)?

According to the ‘EFSA Guidance Document on the risk assessment of plant protection on bees’, not only honeybees but also bumble bees and solitary bees have to be considered for the first time. But for testing of solitary bees under laboratory, semi-field and field conditions no official test guideline exists.

Jakoby et al. (2017) Evaluating Ecological Recovery in Mechanistic Effect Models for Environmental Risk Assessment

In environmental risk assessments (ERA) for plant protection products (PPP) one possible protection goal option at the population level is recovery (EFSA, 2016). This recovery option accepts “some population-level effects of a potential stressor if recovery takes place within an accepted time period”.

Ludwigs et al. (2016) Appropriate Exposure Estimates for Wildlife Risk Assessments of Crop Protection Products Based on Continuous Radio Telemetry: A Case Study with Woodpegions

The registration of pesticides follows guidance published by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). As a default, the EFSA guidance document on risk assessment for birds and mammals assumes that animals feed exclusively on pesticide-treated fields.

Lückmann, Ludwigs, Delgado-Cartay (2015) Non-target organisms – higher-tier methods to refine the risk of plant protection products

Ludwigs et al. (2015) A statistical approach for selecting the most appropriate PT value for long-term wildlife risk assessments

In higher tier Risk Assessments (RAs) for Birds and Mammals, exposure takes into account the ‘portion of food taken from the treated area’, addressed by the surrogate parameter portion of time spent by birds or mammals potentially foraging in treated fields (the so-called PT value).

Nickisch, Krömer (2015) A standardised approach to identify worst-case FOCUS surface water exposure profiles in aquatic pulsed exposure events

The outcome of Tier 1 risk assessment for plant protection products frequently calls for the use of higher tier approaches to evidence an acceptable risk to aquatic organisms. In this context, laboratory pulsed exposure experiments can be used to test the effects of varying exposure concentrations on the mortality and/or immobilization of organisms.

Haaf et al. (2014) Make a BeeCision – Is Insecticidal Activity of a PPP a Criterion to Trigger Laboratory Studies with Non-Apis Bees?

In 2013, under the new EU Regulation 1107/2009, the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) published a new Guidance Document on risk assessment for pollinators (EFSA, 2013). In addition to assessments on honeybees, risk assessments on bumble bees and solitary bees are required.

Dietzen et al. (2013) Focal Species of Birds in European Crops for Higher Tier Pesticide Risk Assessment

Focal species have been defined by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) as real species that represent others in a crop resulting from their potential higher level of exposure to pesticides. As such they are the most appropriate species for refining estimates of exposure further, through, for example, radio tracking and dietary studies.

Henn, Erlacher (2012) Highest tier? EPAT analysis in aquatic risk assessment of plant protection products

For standard risk assessment conducted during the EU review of plant protection products (PPP), the concentration of active substances in water bodies adjacent to a single field is calculated using the surface water model FOCUS SWASH.

Gericke, Nekovar, Hörold (2010), Estimation of Application Dates of Plant Protection Products for Environmental Fate Modelling Based on Phenological Stages of Crops

According to the EU directive 91/414/EEC potential environmental concentrations of pesticides have to be assessed with environmental fate models. For the calculation of pesticide concentrations it is necessary to provide an application date which has to match the specific BBCH stage at which the pesticide shall be applied.

Wang, Wolf (2008), A Probabilistic Model for Estimating the Exposure and Effects After Spray Application in Real Landscapes

In current risk assessments for plant protection products applied via spray application, default drift-values are used which are based on a large number of field trials conducted by Ganzelmeier et al. and Rautmann et al.

Schwarz, Norman, Riffel (2007), Novel approaches in monitoring effects of pesticide products

A field experiment was conducted in Southwest France and Northern Italy to investigate potential impacts of azinphos-methyl (OP insecticide) applications in pome fruit orchards on the natural bird community.